The Evolution Of Climate Change In Nigeria Legal Jurisprudence: Implications For Enviromental Policies In Private Sector

Abstract

Climate change presents substantial environmental, socioeconomic, and public health challenges worldwide, with Nigeria being especially susceptible due to its varied geography and developmental circumstances. This study examines the evolution of climate change legal jurisprudence in Nigeria and its implications for environmental policies within the private sector. Nigeria faces severe climate risks including desertification, flooding, and pollution, which threaten food security, livelihoods, and economic stability. The Nigerian legal system has changed over the past few decades to include international agreements and pass domestic laws like the NESREA Act (2007) and the Climate Change Act (2021). These laws set up national systems for lowering emissions, adapting to climate change, and holding businesses accountable. Climate jurisprudence has enhanced environmental governance by promoting legal accountability, public interest litigation, and policy alignment with global climate commitments, although enforcement challenges persist. The private sector plays a critical dual role as both a major greenhouse gas emitter and a key partner in advancing sustainable development through innovation, investment, and compliance with climate regulations. This study underscores the importance of effective legal implementation, strengthened institutional capacity, and multi-stakeholder collaboration to foster resilience and sustainable growth in Nigeria’s climate response, particularly emphasizing the private sector’s integral role in achieving national climate goals.